Diversified CS0-003 Study Materials | Ace Your Exam with Our Dumps

Domain	Description
Security Operations (33%)	Monitor and respond to security incidents, investigate indicators of compromise, and manage incident response.
Vulnerability Management (30%)	Identify vulnerabilities in systems and networks, implement remediation processes, and mitigate potential threats.
Incident Response (20%)	Apply proactive measures to detect, analyze, and respond to security incidents.
Threat Intelligence and Threat Hunting (17%)	Gather and analyze threat intelligence and hunt for adversarial tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).

Answer: C

Explanation: The best way to prevent network printers from printing pages during a

vulnerability scan is to create a tailored scan for the printer subnet that excludes the ports

and services that trigger the printing behavior. The other options are not effective for this

purpose: performing non-credentialed scans may not reduce the impact on the printers;

ignoring embedded web server ports may not cover all the possible ports that cause

printing; increasing the threshold length of the scan timeout may not prevent the printing

from occurring.

References: According to the CompTIA CySA+ Study Guide: Exam CS0-003, 3rd Edition1,

one of the objectives for the exam is to “use appropriate tools and methods to manage,

prioritize and respond to attacks and vulnerabilities”. The book also covers the usage and

syntax of vulnerability scanning tools, such as Nessus, Nmap, and Qualys, in chapter 4.

Specifically, it explains the meaning and function of each component in vulnerability

scanning, such as credentialed vs. non-credentialed scans, port scanning, and scan

scheduling1, pages 149-160. It also discusses the common issues and challenges of

vulnerability scanning, such as network disruptions, false positives, and scan scope1,

pages 161-162. Therefore, this is a reliable source to verify the answer to the question.

Answer: A

Explanation:

The correct answer is A. XML.

STIX and OpenloC are two standards for representing and exchanging cyber threat

intelligence (CTI) information. STIX stands for Structured Threat Information Expression

and OpenloC stands for Open Location and Identity Coordinates. Both standards use XML

as the underlying data format to encode the information in a structured and machinereadable

way. XML stands for Extensible Markup Language and it is a widely used

standard for defining and exchanging data on the web. XML uses tags, attributes, and

elements to describe the structure and meaning of the data. XML is also human-readable,

as it uses plain text and follows a hierarchical and nested structure.

XML is not the only format that can be used to make STIX and OpenloC information

readable by both humans and machines, but it is the most common and widely supported

one. Other formats that can be used include JSON, CSV, or PDF, depending on the use

case and the preferences of the information producers and consumers. However, XML has

some advantages over other formats, such as:

XML is more expressive and flexible than JSON or CSV, as it can define complex

data types, schemas, namespaces, and validation rules.

XML is more standardized and interoperable than PDF, as it can be easily parsed,

transformed, validated, and queried by various tools and languages.

XML is more compatible with existing CTI standards and tools than other formats,

as it is the basis for STIX 1.x, TAXII 1.x, MAEC, CybOX, OVAL, and others.

References:

1 Introduction to STIX - GitHub Pages

2 5 Best Threat Intelligence Feeds in 2023 (Free & Paid Tools) - Comparitech

3 What Are STIX/TAXII Standards? - Anomali Resources

4 What is STIX/TAXII? | Cloudflare

5 Sample Use | TAXII Project Documentation - GitHub Pages

6 Trying to retrieve xml data with taxii - Stack Overflow

7 CISA AIS TAXII Server Connection Guide

8 CISA AIS TAXII Server Connection Guide v2.0 | CISA

Answer: A

Explanation:

This is a type of web application vulnerability called cross-site scripting (XSS), which allows an attacker to inject malicious code into a web page that is viewed by other users. XSS can

be used to steal cookies, session tokens, credentials, or other sensitive information, or to

perform actions on behalf of the victim.

Input sanitization is a technique that prevents XSS attacks by checking and filtering the

user input before processing it. Input sanitization can remove or encode any characters or

strings that may be interpreted as code by the browser, such as <, >, ", ', or javascript:.

Input sanitization can also validate the input against a predefined format or range of values,

and reject any input that does not match.

Output encoding is a technique that prevents XSS attacks by encoding the output before

sending it to the browser. Output encoding can convert any characters or strings that may

be interpreted as code by the browser into harmless entities, such as <, >, ", ', or

javascript:. Output encoding can also escape any special characters that may have a

different meaning in different contexts, such as , /, or ;.

Code obfuscation is a technique that makes the source code of a web application more

difficult to read and understand by humans. Code obfuscation can use techniques such as

renaming variables and functions, removing comments and whitespace, replacing literals

with expressions, or adding dummy code. Code obfuscation can help protect the

intellectual property and trade secrets of a web application, but it does not prevent XSS

attacks.

Answer: B

Explanation:

TCPDump is the best tool to prove whether the server was experiencing a DoS attack

related to half-open TCP sessions consuming memory. TCPDump is a command-line tool

that can capture and analyze network traffic, such as TCP, UDP, and ICMP packets.

TCPDump can help the administrator to identify the source and destination of the traffic,

the TCP flags and sequence numbers, the packet size and frequency, and other

information that can indicate a DoS attack. A DoS attack related to half-open TCP sessions

is also known as a SYN flood attack, which is a type of volumetric attack that aims to

exhaust the network bandwidth or resources of the target server by sending a large amount

of TCP SYN requests and ignoring the TCP SYN-ACK responses. This creates a backlog

of half-open connections on the server, which consume memory and CPU resources, and

prevent legitimate connections from being established12. TCPDump can help the

administrator to detect a SYN flood attack by looking for a high number of TCP SYN

packets with different source IP addresses, a low number of TCP SYN-ACK packets, and a

very low number of TCP ACK packets34. References: SYN flood DDoS attack | Cloudflare,

What is a SYN flood attack and how to prevent it? | NETSCOUT, TCPDump - A Powerful

Tool for Network Analysis and Security, How to Detect a SYN Flood Attack with TCPDump

Answer: B

Explanation: One of the best actions to take after the conclusion of a security incident to

improve incident response in the future is to schedule a review with all teams to discuss

what occurred, what went well, what went wrong, and what can be improved. This review is

also known as a lessons learned session or an after-action report. The purpose of this

review is to identify the root causes of the incident, evaluate the effectiveness of the

incident response process, document any gaps or weaknesses in the security controls, and

recommend corrective actions or preventive measures for future incidents. Official

References: https://www.eccouncil.org/cybersecurity-exchange/threat-intelligence/cyberkill-

chain-seven-steps-cyberattack/

Answer: D

Explanation: A lessons-learned review is a process of evaluating the effectiveness and

efficiency of the incident response plan after an incident or an exercise. The purpose of the

review is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the incident response plan, and to

update it accordingly to improve the future performance and resilience of the organization.

Therefore, the incident response plan should be updated after a lessons-learned review.

References: The answer was based on the NCSC CAF guidance from the National Cyber

Security Centre, which states: “You should use post-incident and post-exercise reviews to

actively reduce the risks associated with the same, or similar, incidents happening in future.

Lessons learned can inform any aspect of your cyber security, including: System

configuration Security monitoring and reporting Investigation procedures

Containment/recovery strategies”

Answer: D

Explanation: The Cyber Kill Chain is a framework that describes the stages of a

cyberattack from reconnaissance to actions on objectives. The exploitation stage is where attackers take advantage of the vulnerabilities they have discovered in previous stages to

further infiltrate a target’s network and achieve their objectives. In this case, the malicious

actor has gained access to an internal network by means of social engineering and does

not want to lose access in order to continue the attack. This indicates that the actor is in the

exploitation stage of the Cyber Kill Chain. Official References:

https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/capabilities/cyber/cyber-kill-chain.ht

Answer: A

Explanation: An SLA (Service Level Agreement) is a contract or agreement between a

service provider and a customer that defines the expected level of service, performance,

quality, and availability of the service. An SLA also specifies the responsibilities,

obligations, and penalties for both parties in case of non-compliance or breach of the

agreement. An SLA can help organizations to ensure that their security services are

delivered in a timely and effective manner, and that any security incidents or vulnerabilities

are addressed and resolved within a specified time frame. An SLA can also help to

establish clear communication, expectations, and accountability between the service

provider and the customer12

An MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) is a document that expresses a mutual

agreement or understanding between two or more parties on a common goal or objective.

An MOU is not legally binding, but it can serve as a basis for future cooperation or collaboration. An MOU may not be suitable for requiring remediation of a known threat

within a given time frame, as it does not have the same level of enforceability, specificity, or

measurability as an SLA.

Best-effort patching is an informal and ad hoc approach to applying security patches or

updates to systems or software. Best-effort patching does not follow any defined process,

policy, or schedule, and relies on the availability and discretion of the system administrators

or users. Best-effort patching may not be effective or efficient for requiring remediation of a

known threat within a given time frame, as it does not guarantee that the patches are

applied correctly, consistently, or promptly. Best-effort patching may also introduce new

risks or vulnerabilities due to human error, compatibility issues, or lack of testing.

Organizational governance is the framework of rules, policies, procedures, and processes

that guide and direct the activities and decisions of an organization. Organizational

governance can help to establish the roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities of different

stakeholders within the organization, as well as the goals, values, and principles that shape

the organizational culture and behavior. Organizational governance can also help to ensure

compliance with internal and external standards, regulations, and laws. Organizational

governance may not be sufficient for requiring remediation of a known threat within a given

time frame, as it does not specify the details or metrics of the service delivery or

performance. Organizational governance may also vary depending on the size, structure,

and nature of the organization.

Answer: B

Explanation: MITRE ATT&CK is a globally accessible knowledge base of adversary

tactics and techniques based on real-world observations. It is used as a foundation for the

development of specific threat models and methodologies in the private sector, in

government, and in the cybersecurity product and service community. It can help security

professionals understand, detect, and mitigate cyber threats by providing a comprehensive

framework of TTPs.

References: MITRE ATT&CK, Getting Started with ATT&CK, MITRE ATT&CK | MITRE

Answer: B

Explanation: Vulnerability 2 should be prioritized as it is exploitable, has high exploit

activity, and is exposed externally according to the SMITTEN metric. References:

Vulnerability Management Metrics: 5 Metrics to Start Measuring in Your Program,

Section: Vulnerability Severity.

Number of Questions	Maximum of 85 questions
Types of Questions	Multiple-choice, drag and drop, and performance-based questions (PBQs)
Time Limit	165 minutes
Passing Score	750 on a scale of 100-900
Languages	English, Japanese
Price	Approximately $392 USD

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